Cluster G · 14 CFR 61.160 and 61.167

Restricted ATP

A real airline transport pilot certificate, issued earlier, with two things printed on it: a lower hour requirement and a limitation on what you may do. Both come from specific paragraphs, and both are worth reading before you plan a career around either.

750, 1,000 or 1,250 hours under 61.160Age 21 rather than 23, per 61.153(a)200 cross-country hours instead of 500Limited by 14 CFR 61.167(b)
Read the 1500 hour rule page
750hours on the military route, per 61.160(a)
1,000hours with a qualifying bachelor's degree, per 61.160(b)
1,250hours under 61.160(c) and (d)
200cross-country hours instead of 500, per 61.160(e)
What it is

What is a restricted ATP?

An airline transport pilot certificate issued under 14 CFR 61.160 rather than 61.159, at a lower total-time figure, carrying the limitation that 14 CFR 61.167(b) describes. It is a full certificate with a restriction printed on it, not a lesser qualification, and the restriction is narrower than most descriptions of it suggest.

The mechanism is worth stating precisely. 61.159 is the ordinary experience route and it wants 1,500 hours. 61.160 provides four alternative routes at lower totals for people with particular backgrounds, and 61.160(e) lets applicants under those routes qualify with 200 hours of cross-country time in place of the 500 that 61.159 would have wanted. Age drops too: 14 CFR 61.153(a) sets 23 for the 61.159 route and 21 for the 61.160 one.

What you cannot do is set out on the 61.160 quantities without the qualifying background. The reductions attach to military service or to specific degrees with specific aviation coursework at authorised institutions, and there is no version of the route that simply lowers the number for everybody.

One clarification that matters, and which this school states because it affects whether the route is available to you at all. The degree routes are built around institutions authorised to certify graduates for the reduction. We train under part 61 and do not issue those certifications, so nothing we sell shortens the 1,500.

The four routes

Which reductions does 14 CFR 61.160 actually offer?

Four, and two of them land on the same figure. Every one produces a certificate with restricted privileges and every one sets the minimum age at 21 via 61.153(a).

Military — 750 hours, 61.160(a)

The deepest reduction in the section, available to pilots with the qualifying military background the paragraph describes.

  • Total time750 hours
  • Cross-country200 hours, via (e)
  • Minimum age21
  • CertificateRestricted privileges
  • Available through this schoolNo

Bachelor's degree — 1,000 hours, 61.160(b)

An aviation-major bachelor's degree from an authorised institution, with the aviation coursework and the commercial certificate and instrument rating the paragraph requires.

  • Total time1,000 hours
  • Cross-country200 hours, via (e)
  • Minimum age21
  • CertificateRestricted privileges
  • Available through this schoolNo

1,250 hours — 61.160(c) and (d)

Two different qualifications reaching the same number: an associate's degree with an aviation major under (c), and a bachelor's degree holder with fewer aviation credit hours than (b) requires under (d).

  • Total time1,250 hours
  • Cross-country200 hours, via (e)
  • Minimum age21
  • CertificateRestricted privileges
  • Available through this schoolNo
The limitation

What can a restricted ATP not do?

Two things, and they are narrower than the name implies. 14 CFR 61.167(b) states that a holder who has not satisfied both the age requirement at 61.153(a)(1) and the aeronautical experience at 61.159 may not act as pilot in command in operations conducted under part 121, and may not serve as second in command in flag or supplemental part 121 operations requiring three or more pilots.

What that leaves available

The second-in-command seat in ordinary part 121 domestic operations, which is where a first officer starts, is not on the restricted list. That is the whole point of the certificate and it is why the route exists at all.

So a restricted certificate is not a barrier to being hired as a first officer at a scheduled carrier. It is a barrier to two specific roles: the left seat under part 121, and the second-in-command seat on long-haul flag and supplemental operations carrying augmented crews.

  • Available: second in command in ordinary part 121 operations
  • Not available: pilot in command under part 121
  • Not available: second in command in flag or supplemental part 121 operations requiring three or more pilots
  • The restriction lifts when both the age and the 61.159 experience are met

How the limitation comes off

By meeting what you were short of. 61.167(b) describes a holder who has not met the age requirement at 61.153(a)(1) and the aeronautical experience at 61.159, so satisfying both removes the basis for the limitation.

In practice this happens on its own. A first officer flying the line accumulates hours quickly and turns 23 on schedule, so the restriction tends to be a feature of the first year or two rather than a permanent state.

The interaction people miss

14 CFR 121.436(a)(1) requires a pilot in command to hold an airline transport pilot certificate not subject to the limitations in 61.167. So the restriction and the part 121 command requirement are two expressions of the same barrier, arriving from different directions.

And 121.436(a)(3) adds a second one on top: 1,000 hours in the listed roles, most often the second-in-command seat under that same part, before the left seat is available at all. Removing the 61.167 limitation is necessary and it is not sufficient.

The route we can sell

Can this school get you to a restricted ATP faster?

No, and that is the honest answer rather than a modest one. Every reduction in 14 CFR 61.160 attaches to military service or to a degree from an institution authorised to certify graduates for it. We are a part 61 flight training provider and we issue no such certification.

What we actually sell

Airline Career Track

$89,000

Zero hours through private, instrument, commercial and multi-engine to a flight instructor rating. It reaches the point where hours start being earned rather than bought.

  • Five phases under one price
  • Financing from $2,500 down
  • Nothing repriced at a phase boundary
  • No hour reduction, and we do not claim one
Read the career track page

Multi-Engine Add-On

$5,100

Relevant to either route, because 61.159(a)(3) asks for 50 hours inside whichever class of airplane the rating covers.

  • No hour floor under 61.63(c)(3)
  • Ten to fifteen hours typically
  • Fixed at enrolment
Read the multi-engine page

Instrument Rating

$11,700

A prerequisite on both routes and the start of the 75 instrument hours 61.159(a)(4) will eventually want.

  • 40 instrument hours under 61.65(d)
  • The 250 nm IFR cross-country
  • Fixed at enrolment
Read the instrument rating page

Assessment flight

$229

An hour of dual instruction, which counts toward the total on either route.

  • Sixty minutes of dual instruction
  • You do the flying
  • Credited whole if you enrol inside a day
Read how it works
Stated plainly because it decides whether this page is useful to you: nothing this school sells reduces the hours under 14 CFR 61.160. The reductions belong to military service and to degree programs at authorised institutions, and a part 61 flight training provider does not issue the certification those paragraphs require. If a reduced route is your plan, the decision that matters was made when you chose where to study, not where to fly. We also run no airline transport pilot certification training program under 14 CFR 61.156. Examiner fees, medical examinations and knowledge test fees are paid by you directly and carry no dollar figure anywhere here.
What we can offer

What is worth checking when the hours are the constraint?

If the reduced routes are closed to you, the variables that remain are how often you can fly and how quickly you can start being paid to. Both are countable.

355

Training days a year measured at this field

From NOAA ASOS observations across the year ending 1 August 2026, counting a day only where the ceiling held at 3,000 feet with five statute miles of visibility for four qualifying daylight hours. Across a thousand hours of hour-building this is the number that decides the calendar.

NOAA ASOS via the Iowa Environmental Mesonet
6

Airframe types on the ramp

Cessna 162 Skycatcher, Piper Warrior, Piper Arrow II, Diamond DA20, Cirrus SR22 Turbo and Piper Seminole. Both routes want 50 hours inside whichever class of airplane the rating covers, so a twin on the field is not decoration.

Owned and maintained in-house
11

Instructors, which is what the hour-building job looks like

Each carries a commercial certificate or an ATP, a flight instructor certificate above that, and a medical in date. Instructing positions here are advertised and filled like any other job, and none is promised to anybody who trains here.

14 CFR 61.183 · 61.23
200

Cross-country hours the reduced routes need, against 500

14 CFR 61.160(e) lets applicants under the reduced routes qualify with 200 hours of cross-country time rather than the 500 the ordinary route requires. It is the least-discussed part of the section and the most useful.

14 CFR 61.160(e)
$0

Hour reductions this school can provide

None. Saying so is more useful than implying otherwise, and it is the single most important sentence on this page for anybody planning around 61.160.

Stated rather than implied
Restricted ATP questions

What people ask about the reduced routes

Everything an airline transport pilot certificate allows except two things. 14 CFR 61.167(b) prevents a holder who has not met both the age requirement at 61.153(a)(1) and the experience at 61.159 from acting as pilot in command under part 121, and from serving as second in command in flag or supplemental part 121 operations requiring three or more pilots. The ordinary first officer seat is not restricted.

750 hours for qualifying military pilots under (a); 1,000 hours for an aviation-major bachelor's degree from an authorised institution under (b); and 1,250 hours under both (c), for an associate's degree with an aviation major, and (d), for a bachelor's degree holder with fewer aviation credit hours than (b) requires.

Twenty-one. 14 CFR 61.153(a) sets 23 for a certificate obtained under the experience requirements of 61.159, 61.161 or 61.163, and 21 for one obtained under 61.160. That two-year difference is often more valuable to a young pilot than the hour reduction itself.

Yes, and it is the part people miss. 14 CFR 61.160(e) allows an applicant under the reduced routes to qualify with 200 hours of cross-country time rather than the 500 hours the ordinary route requires. For anybody instructing locally, that is a substantial relief.

No. Every reduction in 61.160 attaches to military service or to a degree from an institution authorised to certify graduates for the reduction. This is a part 61 flight training provider and it issues no such certification, so nothing sold here shortens the 1,500 hours.

By satisfying what was short. 61.167(b) describes a holder who has not met the age requirement at 61.153(a)(1) and the aeronautical experience at 61.159, so meeting both removes the basis for the limitation. For a first officer flying the line, that usually happens without any special effort inside the first year or two.

Not under part 121. 14 CFR 121.436(a)(1) requires the pilot in command to hold an airline transport pilot certificate not subject to the limitations in 61.167, and 121.436(a)(3) then adds 1,000 hours in the roles it lists, most often the second-in-command seat under that same part. Both have to be satisfied.

No. It is an airline transport pilot certificate with a limitation printed on it, issued under a different experience paragraph. The knowledge test, the practical test and the standards behind it are the same, and the limitation is temporary for almost everybody who holds one.

That depends on a decision made years earlier. An aviation degree route reaches the certificate at either 1,000 hours or 1,250, and takes several years of study to qualify for. The ordinary route reaches it at 1,500 hours with no degree condition at all. Neither is faster in the abstract, and comparing them without counting the study time is how the reduced routes get oversold.

For the airplane multiengine knowledge test, yes. 14 CFR 61.156 requires an airline transport pilot certification training program: 30 hours of academic instruction plus 10 hours in a flight simulation training device, of which at least 6 must be in a Level C or higher full flight simulator representing a multiengine turbine airplane of 40,000 pounds maximum takeoff weight or more. We do not run one.

Where to start

The route we can actually shorten is the one before the hours

We cannot reduce what 61.160 asks for. What we can compress is everything ahead of it — private, instrument, commercial, the twin rating and the instructor certificate — flown at a tempo that reaches the paid part sooner. That starts with one logged hour.

See every program price
Assessment flight
$229
One hour of dual instruction, credited in full against a program you enrol in inside a day.
Before you spend anything

Fly the aeroplane once, then decide

The assessment flight is the first hour of the syllabus and a two-way evaluation. You fly it from the left seat with an instructor beside you, they write down what they saw, and you get an honest read on whether the plan is realistic. It is loggable, and it is credited in full against enrolment if you enroll within 24 hours.

What happens on an assessment flight →

6 aircraft types, owned in-house 355 flyable training days, measured at Van Nuys Every price published on the page
Assessment flight
$229
60 minutes, left seat, loggable. Credited in full against enrolment within 24 hours.